Operators in Python

Python : Operators

Operators are used to perform different operations like arithmetic, logical, and comparison operations on variables and values.

Python divides the operator in five major groups:

Arithmetic operators
Assignment operators
Comparison operators
Logical operators
Bitwise operators

Arithmetic Operators:

These operators are used to perform arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc.

a = 10
b = 5
c = a + b   # addition operator
d = a - b   # subtraction operator
e = a * b   # multiplication operator
f = a / b   # division operator
g = a % b   # modulus operator (returns the remainder after division)
h = a ** b  # exponentiation operator (returns a raised to the power of b)

Assignment Operators:

These operators are used to assign values to variables.

a = 10   # assigns the value 10 to variable a
b = 5    # assigns the value 5 to variable b
c += a   # equivalent to c = c + a
d -= b   # equivalent to d = d - b
e *= a   # equivalent to e = e * a
f /= b   # equivalent to f = f / b

Comparison Operators:

These operators are used to compare two values and return a Boolean value (True or False).

a = 10
b = 5
c = a == b   # equal to operator (returns False as a is not equal to b)
d = a != b   # not equal to operator (returns True as a is not equal to b)
e = a > b    # greater than operator (returns True as a is greater than b)
f = a < b    # less than operator (returns False as a is not less than b)
g = a >= b   # greater than or equal to operator (returns True as a is greater than or equal to b)
h = a <= b   # less than or equal to operator (returns False as a is not less than or equal to b)

Logical Operators:

These operators are used to perform logical operations such as AND, OR, and NOT.

a = True
b = False
c = a and b   # AND operator (returns False as both a and b are not True)
d = a or b    # OR operator (returns True as at least one of a or b is True)
e = not a     # NOT operator (returns False as the value of a is True)

Bitwise Operators:

These operators are used to perform operations at the bit-level of the values.

a = 10
b = 5
c = a & b   # bitwise AND operator (returns the result of ANDing the binary representation of a and b)
d = a | b   # bitwise OR operator (returns the result of ORing the binary representation of a and b)
e = a ^ b   # bitwise XOR operator (returns the result of XORing the binary representation of a and b)
f = ~a      # bitwise NOT operator (returns the complement of the binary representation of a)
g = a << 2  # left shift operator (shifts the binary representation of a by 2 bits to the left)
h = a >> 2  # right shift operator (shifts the binary representation of a by 2 bits to the right)